FIRST AID FOR SOLDIERS FM 21-11, Special Operations Forces Medical Handbook, FIRST AID FM 4-25.11
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FIRST AID FOR SOLDIERS FM 21-11, Special Operations Forces Medical Handbook, FIRST AID FM 4-25.11
FIRST AID FOR SOLDIERS FM 21-11, Special Operations Forces Medical Handbook, FIRST AID FM 4-25.11
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PREFACE These manuals meets the first aid training needs of individual service members. Because medical personnel will not always be readily available, the nonmedical service members must rely heavily on their own skills and knowledge of life-sustaining methods to survive on the integrated battlefield. This publication outlines both self-aid and aid to other service members (buddy aid). More importantly, it emphasizes prompt and effective action in sustaining life and preventing or minimizing further suffering and disability. First aid is the emergency care given to the sick, injured, or wounded before being treated by medical personnel. The term first aid can be defined as “urgent and immediate lifesaving and other measures, which can be performed for casualties by nonmedical personnel when medical personnel are not immediately available.†Nonmedical service members have received basic first aid training and should remain skilled in the correct procedures for giving first aid. This manual is directed to all service members. The procedures discussed apply to all types of casualties and the measures described are for use by both male and female service members.
Table of Contents I.CHANGE PAGE #1 DATED 28 AUGUST 1989 II. CHANGE PAGE #2 DATED 4 DECEMBER 1991 III. PREFACE IV. CHAPTER 1. Fundamental Criteria for First Aid Section I. EVALUATE CASUALTY A. 1-1. CASUALTY EVALUATION (081-831-1000) B. 1-2. MEDICAL ASSISTANCE (081-831-1000) Section II. UNDERSTAND VITAL BODY FUNCTIONS A. 1-3. RESPIRATION AND BLOOD CIRCULATION B. 1-4. ADVERSE CONDITIONS V. CHAPTER 2. Basic Measures for First Aid Section I. OPEN THE AIRWAY AND RESTORE BREATHING A. 2-1. BREATHING PROCESS B. 2-2. ASSESSMENT (EVALUATION) PHASE (081-831-1000 AND 081-831-1042) C. 2-3. OPENING THE AIRWAY--UNCONSCIOUS AND NOT BREATHING CASUALTY (081-831-1042) D. 2-4. RESCUE BREATHING (ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION) E. 2-5. PRELIMINARY STEPS--ALL RESCUE BREATHING METHODS (081-831-1042) F. 2-6. MOUTH-TO-MOUTH METHOD (081-831-1042) G. 2-7. MOUTH-TO-NOSE METHOD H. 2-8. HEARTBEAT I. 2-12. AIRWAY OBSTRUCTIONS J. 2-13. OPENING THE OBSTRUCTED AIRWAY--CONSCIOUS CASUALTY (081-831-1003) K. 2-14. OPEN AN OBSTRUCTED AIRWAY--CASUALTY LYING OR UNCONSCIOUS (081-831-1042) Section II. STOP THE BLEEDING AND PROTECT THE WOUND A. 2-15. CLOTHING (081-831-1016) B. 2-16. ENTRANCE AND EXIT WOUNDS C. 2-17. FIELD DRESSING (081-831-1016) D. 2-18. MANUAL PRESSURE (081-831-1016) E. 2-19. PRESSURE DRESSING (081-831-1016) F. 2-20. TOURNIQUET (081-831-1017) Section III. CHECK AND TREAT FOR SHOCK A. 2-21. CAUSES AND EFFECTS B. 2-22. SIGNS/SYMPTOMS (081-831-1000) C. 2-23. TREATMENT/PREVENTION (081-831-1005) VI. CHAPTER 3. First Aid for Special Wounds Section I. GIVE PROPER FIRST AID FOR HEAD INJURIES A. 3-1. HEAD INJURIES B. 3-2. SIGNS/SYMPTOMS (081-831-1000) C. 3-3. GENERAL FIRST AID MEASURES (081-831-1000) D. 3-4. DRESSINGS AND BANDAGES Section II. GIVE PROPER FIRST AID FOR FACE AND NECK INJURIES A. 3-5. FACE INJURIES B. 3-6. NECK INJURIES C. 3-7. PROCEDURE D. 3-8. DRESSINGS AND BANDAGES (081-831-1033) Section III. GIVE PROPER FIRST AID FOR CHEST AND ABDOMINAL WOUNDS AND BURN INJURIES A. 3-9. CHEST WOUNDS (081-831-1026) B. 3-10. CHEST WOUND(S) PROCEDURE (081-831-1026) C. 3-11. ABDOMINAL WOUNDS D. 3-12. ABDOMINAL WOUND(S) PROCEDURE (081-831-1025) E. 3-13. BURN INJURIES F. 3-14. FIRST AID FOR BURNS (031-31-1007) Section IV. APPLY PROPER BANDAGES TO UPPER AND LOWER EXTREMITIES A. 3-15. SHOULDER BANDAGE B. 3-16. ELBOW BANDAGE C. 3-17. HAND BANDAGE D. 3-18. LEG (UPPER AND LOWER) BANDAGE E. 3-19. KNEE BANDAGE F. 3-20. FOOT BANDAGE VII. CHAPTER 4. First Aid for Fractures