In an organic reaction, a flow of electrons converts the starting material into product. For this to happen, the electron flow must have a driving force, which makes the electrons move, and a pathway, which channels their movement to the formation of product.. In undergraduate organic, there are three driving forces and six pathways to learn. Then, examination of the starting material reveals the driving force, the driving force determines the pathway, and the pathway leads to the structure of the product. Although simple, this approach is also powerful. All of the polar/ionic reactions in undergraduate organic can be studied using this method.