Even though BGP is the exterior gateway protocol that makes the Internet work and is heavily used in larger enterprise networks as a core protocol. It is also used in the support of MPLS (which we will not going into great detail here about, see Stupid CCIE Tricks, section 10: MPLS for more). Typically the best practices and common deployment limits how we use the protocol and one goal is to setup BGP in the most simplistic way to make it more supportable…with that said, BGP is still configured typically in a more complicated way than the IGPs within the same network. Due to this practice in the industry, the less obvious features may be ignored; therefore CCIE Routing and Switching candidates are missing points on those features. You need to have a good understanding of how BGP works and what the options are…and how to use them in ways they may not have been intended. You CANNOT pass your CCIE R&S lab without knowing BGP! This document will attempt to cover the general operation of BGP, but also how BGP may be used within the CCIE R&S practical exam. The goal is to give the candidate an understanding of how BGP works and how they may be used within the CCIE R&S practical exam and therefore will help shorten the time spent configuring and troubleshooting BGP within the exam. We will look at how BGP can be used to support IPv4 & IPv6 (both for unicast and multicast) and VPNs. We will look at the history of BGP in the CCIE Exam, History, Operational Overview, Configuration, Troubleshooting Tips and CCIE like exercises…in other words how BGP might apply in a CCIE exam type of scenario.