Practical Statistics for Educators, 4th edition focuses on the application of research and statistics as applied specifically to education. Since the first edition came out in 1994, thousands of students in educational statistics courses and their professors have found it to be an excellent textbook. Educational practitioners have also appreciated keeping this book on their reference shelf. Now in its fourth edition, this well-regarded text is a clear and easy-to-follow manual for use in introductory statistics or action research courses. Ruth Ravid concentrates on the essential concepts in educational statistics including when to use various statistical tests and how to interpret the results. Testing and test score interpretation, reliability, and validity are included to help students understand these topics which are essential for practitioners in education. Examples from the field of education are used throughout the book to illustrate the concepts, techniques, and interpretations that are presented in the book.